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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+59.5%
€31.64
vs €19.84 price
Levered DCF
€47.82
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.1
Distress zone
Rating
A+
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.83×4.87×4.38×3.21×4.72×6.77×8.91×7.99×
P/B0.98×0.69×0.73×0.75×0.86×0.76×1.15×1.19×
P/S0.8×0.4×0.4×0.32×0.44×0.39×0.5×0.48×
EV / EBITDA8.88×3.79×3.16×2.25×4.04×4.78×5.58×5.06×
Gross margin55.3%34.6%57.9%63.7%63.2%28.9%61.2%62.7%
Operating margin8.8%15.1%16.3%20.6%14.5%10.7%10.8%14.3%
Net margin7.4%8.2%9.0%9.8%9.3%5.7%5.6%6.0%
Current ratio0.57×1.14×1.08×1.14×1.09×1×1.01×1.09×
Debt / equity0.75×1.06×0.95×1.12×1.37×1.83×1.88×1.95×
Interest coverage3.59×5.39×6×13.7×7.2×4.16×4.35×5.81×
Dividend yield6.0%8.4%12.7%21.9%9.2%9.8%9.6%10.9%
Payout ratio65.4%41.0%55.7%70.4%43.5%66.1%85.1%87.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.0%14.2%16.6%23.2%18.1%11.2%12.9%14.9%
Return on invested capital4.1%8.5%9.9%14.0%9.1%5.6%6.2%7.6%
Return on assets3.0%4.4%5.2%6.7%5.1%2.8%3.1%3.3%
Free cash flow yield14.4%22.1%25.8%55.9%36.8%52.4%23.3%-37.2%
Earnings yield9.2%20.5%22.8%31.1%21.2%14.8%11.2%12.5%
Enterprise value€2.8B€2.4B€2.2B€1.9B€2B€2B€2.7B€2.6B
Net debt / EBITDA3.57×1.99×1.62×1.07×2.2×3.08×3.25×3.01×
Cash conversion cycle (days)775474161120110144156