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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+42.7%
€158.08
vs €110.80 price
Levered DCF
€222.20
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
4.82
Safe zone
Rating
S-
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E7.61×9.29×8.38×6.06×7.2×38.8×-107.89×19.39×
P/B0.99×0.68×0.71×0.8×0.93×0.86×1.02×0.91×
P/S1.74×1.38×1.37×1.24×1.62×2.01×2.58×2.12×
EV / EBITDA3.66×4.03×3.81×2.81×3.56×9.13×16.59×8.32×
Gross margin44.0%36.0%33.7%41.9%40.7%22.8%15.0%26.2%
Operating margin34.0%23.5%24.3%33.8%33.5%11.2%2.0%18.2%
Net margin22.9%14.8%16.4%20.5%22.5%5.2%0.3%10.9%
Current ratio2.74×1.63×1.53×1.76×1.57×0.94×0.96×1×
Debt / equity0.01×0.04×0.03×0.01×0.02×0.25×0.28×0.22×
Interest coverage76.02×35.25×51.94×46.89×45.03×6.03×0.9×13.41×
Dividend yield2.4%3.7%5.5%3.4%0.7%0.0%1.0%3.4%
Payout ratio18.2%34.1%46.4%20.6%4.7%0.0%762.3%65.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity13.0%7.3%8.5%13.2%12.9%2.2%0.1%4.7%
Return on invested capital11.9%7.2%7.7%12.3%11.2%2.0%-3.8%3.9%
Return on assets10.8%5.9%6.7%10.2%9.5%1.5%0.1%3.2%
Free cash flow yield13.9%7.5%2.6%13.1%13.6%3.1%-5.4%-6.1%
Earnings yield13.1%10.8%11.9%16.5%13.9%2.6%0.1%5.2%
Enterprise value€904.8M€630.1M€622.8M€629.6M€670.1M€701M€806.3M€695.3M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.36×0.12×0.08×-0.12×-0.03×1.97×3.39×1.33×
Cash conversion cycle (days)8710652931146314285