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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+72.1%
€61.25
vs €35.60 price
Levered DCF
€29.96
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.58
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.07×11.03×15.86×17.19×25.61×16.5×19.01×39.02×
P/B2.08×2.61×4.1×4.43×5.7×3.06×3.36×4.42×
P/S1.08×1.18×1.7×1.56×1.94×1.07×1.01×1.26×
EV / EBITDA5.98×6.32×8.28×9.47×13.37×8.16×9×14.61×
Gross margin11.7%14.3%28.2%62.4%52.7%55.0%53.4%50.0%
Operating margin11.5%14.5%14.5%12.6%10.7%9.2%8.5%6.2%
Net margin10.7%10.7%10.7%9.1%7.6%6.5%5.3%3.3%
Current ratio1.39×1.25×1.31×1.29×1.36×1.34×1.26×1.28×
Debt / equity0.32×0.33×0.21×0.35×0.44×0.49×0.5×0.81×
Interest coverage19.66×37.41×71.89×99.06×60.61×25.66×10.27×9.56×
Dividend yield3.2%3.1%1.6%1.6%0.8%0.0%0.7%0.1%
Payout ratio32.4%33.8%24.8%27.8%20.3%0.0%14.1%2.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity20.7%23.6%25.9%25.7%22.3%18.6%17.6%11.5%
Return on invested capital12.5%16.1%20.0%18.7%15.7%12.9%13.4%7.9%
Return on assets8.7%9.3%11.0%10.0%8.6%6.9%6.2%3.3%
Free cash flow yield1.9%-1.6%4.9%7.4%3.7%2.7%0.3%10.5%
Earnings yield9.9%9.1%6.3%5.8%3.9%6.1%5.2%2.6%
Enterprise value€1.1B€1.1B€1.4B€1.2B€1.3B€564.6M€530.7M€518.8M
Net debt / EBITDA0.1×0.04×-0.71×-0.36×-0.43×-0.05×0.27×1.09×
Cash conversion cycle (days)745433-28255-45-7