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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+272.3%
€6.29
vs €1.69 price
Levered DCF
€1.60
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.79
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E15.69×19.8×24.29×21.94×29.17×46.61×62.59×79.03×
P/B2.13×2.19×4.01×5.13×5.57×18.04×26.19×38.4×
P/S0.93×1×1.74×2.19×3.15×4.24×4.66×6.76×
EV / EBITDA9.61×10.82×14.78×13.88×18.41×30.59×40.46×53.63×
Gross margin89.7%90.1%22.4%96.0%98.6%95.8%95.0%93.1%
Operating margin5.6%7.8%9.4%12.7%13.6%11.9%10.5%11.0%
Net margin5.1%5.1%7.1%10.2%11.0%9.1%7.4%8.6%
Current ratio1.37×1.6×1.91×1.92×3.01×2.13×1.83×1.18×
Debt / equity0.44×0.39×0.26×0.39×0.25×0.79×0.66×0.92×
Interest coverage9.69×13.14×16.84×27.76×59.68×56.88×37.25×35.27×
Dividend yield1.5%2.0%1.2%0.0%0.0%0.3%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio26.7%39.2%29.5%0.0%0.0%16.1%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.7%11.3%16.3%23.8%19.4%38.7%41.8%48.6%
Return on invested capital6.2%9.4%13.4%16.2%15.7%21.4%27.5%25.0%
Return on assets6.4%6.6%10.3%13.4%12.5%18.5%19.2%19.5%
Free cash flow yield3.2%5.6%3.5%-3.0%1.8%-0.6%1.1%-0.4%
Earnings yield5.5%5.1%4.1%4.6%3.5%2.1%1.6%1.3%
Enterprise value€125.6M€119.3M€187.2M€217.9M€175M€197.8M€196.5M€196.5M
Net debt / EBITDA1.21×1.15×0.58×0.57×-1.21×0.77×0.76×1×
Cash conversion cycle (days)48-24791383-507-543-397