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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-102.4%
-€6.62
vs €280.60 price
Levered DCF
-€43.92
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
4.81
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E73.73×5.34×-72.88×-3.68×5.61×6.77×5.41×6.48×
P/B0.77×0.7×0.84×0.74×1.28×1.05×0.85×0.85×
P/S64.46×5.69×15.15×103.63×145.19×109.63×33.61×45.43×
EV / EBITDA76.17×5.66×-83.85×-3.86×5.81×6.72×5.18×6.19×
Gross margin97.2%99.7%99.4%99.7%100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
Operating margin95.7%107.2%-19.3%-2802.3%2594.2%1622.1%622.3%701.0%
Net margin87.4%106.6%-20.8%-2815.0%2587.6%1620.1%621.8%701.1%
Current ratio401.1×304.85×202.28×884.35×1,561.44×43.63×29.72×41.88×
Debt / equity0.12×0.08×0.08×0.07×0.06×0.02×0×0.01×
Interest coverage11.48×171.92×-12.38×-232.62×461.82×8,850.98×1,200,739×0×
Dividend yield1.4%1.5%1.4%1.5%0.7%1.0%1.4%1.6%
Payout ratio102.5%8.2%-103.6%-5.6%3.9%7.1%7.8%10.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity1.0%13.2%-1.1%-20.1%22.8%15.5%15.7%13.2%
Return on invested capital1.0%12.3%-0.9%-18.3%21.5%15.2%15.7%13.0%
Return on assets0.9%12.2%-1.1%-18.4%21.5%15.2%15.6%13.0%
Free cash flow yield5.1%1.4%4.0%-27.2%-3.8%-0.7%0.9%15.4%
Earnings yield1.4%18.7%-1.4%-27.2%17.8%14.8%18.5%15.4%
Enterprise value€9.4B€7.7B€8.1B€7.2B€15.1B€9.3B€6.2B€5.3B
Net debt / EBITDA8.83×0.35×-5.18×-0.17×0.21×-0.05×-0.22×-0.3×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-338-89-371,6702,9213,3571,5800