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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+647.1%
€444.89
vs €59.55 price
Levered DCF
€337.11
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.26
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
P/E27.7×10.88×70×13.7×12.09×55.39×-20.58×16.99×
P/B2.24×2×3.12×2.39×1.9×2.43×2.38×2.53×
P/S0.35×0.31×0.5×0.48×0.4×0.44×0.34×0.51×
EV / EBITDA14.89×6.89×9.17×11.03×9.13×10.77×11.23×9.05×
Gross margin10.6%11.6%12.0%12.0%14.4%13.9%12.8%14.3%
Operating margin3.4%4.5%4.6%3.7%5.0%3.3%0.7%5.2%
Net margin1.3%2.9%0.7%3.5%3.3%0.8%-1.7%3.0%
Current ratio0.88×1.08×1.08×1.16×1.09×1.09×0.98×0.97×
Debt / equity1.24×1.44×1.45×1.41×1.51×2.22×2.31×0.92×
Interest coverage4.23×6.36×6.03×4.55×8.71×4.81×0.46×8.58×
Dividend yield4.7%5.1%11.6%3.2%3.5%0.0%6.5%3.6%
Payout ratio129.6%55.8%817.3%44.3%42.3%0.0%-133.2%60.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
Return on equity8.1%18.4%4.4%17.5%15.7%4.4%-11.6%14.9%
Return on invested capital6.7%8.6%8.3%5.5%6.5%2.9%1.4%8.5%
Return on assets2.1%4.7%1.1%3.8%3.3%0.7%-1.8%3.8%
Free cash flow yield6.4%8.3%8.2%9.5%8.2%8.9%3.6%7.7%
Earnings yield3.6%9.2%1.4%7.3%8.3%1.8%-4.9%5.9%
Enterprise value€12B€10.9B€15.1B€15.2B€11.8B€10.4B€10.9B€12.9B
Net debt / EBITDA4.39×2.12×2.02×3.16×2.65×2.82×4.46×1.16×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-1717151537403029