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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-70.6%
€10.59
vs €36.00 price
Levered DCF
-€0.06
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.49
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E14.94×17.24×10.38×14.74×22.82×29.92×12.57×7.42×
P/B1.16×1.13×1.08×1.16×1.16×1.38×1.36×1.06×
P/S3.57×3.97×4.13×4.49×5.23×6.26×6.08×5.07×
EV / EBITDA9.17×9.95×6.92×10.11×9.95×13.13×7.97×9.59×
Gross margin13.4%92.3%90.4%89.9%92.6%92.8%90.9%94.2%
Operating margin30.0%31.5%54.0%31.3%35.0%28.1%35.9%46.1%
Net margin23.9%23.0%39.7%30.4%22.9%20.9%49.7%68.4%
Current ratio0.74×1.26×0.46×1.31×1.78×1.25×1.17×1.13×
Debt / equity0.27×0.29×0.22×0.11×0.03×0.02×0.09×0.08×
Interest coverage4.1×11.45×298.49×477.33×142.07×44.86×21.56×20.28×
Dividend yield4.8%4.7%4.8%4.3%2.1%1.6%2.6%3.0%
Payout ratio71.8%81.1%49.5%62.7%48.7%48.4%32.0%22.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.7%6.6%10.4%7.9%5.1%4.6%11.1%14.4%
Return on invested capital5.9%5.6%7.8%6.1%4.2%3.8%5.5%7.5%
Return on assets5.0%4.3%7.0%5.6%3.9%3.5%8.2%10.4%
Free cash flow yield1.7%3.9%-1.5%-3.1%0.9%2.1%2.6%6.0%
Earnings yield6.7%5.8%9.6%6.8%4.4%3.3%8.2%13.5%
Enterprise value€160.9M€150.9M€137M€129.5M€115.6M€131.9M€131.6M€97.4M
Net debt / EBITDA1.54×1.49×0.81×0.5×-0.27×-0.5×-0.01×0.17×
Cash conversion cycle (days)52295-471927407054891,212