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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+48.3%
€24.71
vs €16.66 price
Levered DCF
€17.65
After debt service
Piotroski score
9 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.57
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E20.31×23.03×20.4×13.25×11.29×-26.77×14.77×-18.89×
P/B0.88×1.11×1.11×1.35×1.18×1.62×0.84×0.89×
P/S4.48×6.46×5.7×7.06×6.32×290.2×7.65×57.31×
EV / EBITDA24.82×17.54×20×13.94×9.49×-28.1×9.66×-728.06×
Gross margin66.0%63.2%75.5%79.1%75.9%-241.1%67.2%-155.3%
Operating margin39.4%48.5%36.9%62.1%69.9%-1150.3%71.1%-282.8%
Net margin22.0%27.9%28.5%53.2%56.1%-1083.7%51.6%-303.5%
Current ratio30.93×3.91×2.95×1.66×8.46×7.92×15.55×10.3×
Debt / equity0.63×0.51×0.47×0.48×0.44×0.36×0.33×0.35×
Interest coverage3.99×3.82×5.68×8.1×11.41×-6×11.12×-5.95×
Dividend yield5.0%3.6%3.5%4.1%1.9%1.9%1.0%6.8%
Payout ratio102.2%84.0%69.4%54.4%21.2%-49.8%14.5%-127.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.3%4.8%5.5%10.2%10.5%-6.0%5.7%-4.7%
Return on invested capital3.3%4.1%4.4%6.9%7.8%-3.7%4.8%-3.3%
Return on assets2.5%3.0%3.6%6.5%6.9%-4.2%4.1%-3.4%
Free cash flow yield11.1%5.1%5.5%4.4%3.5%-7.9%1.4%-29.6%
Earnings yield4.9%4.3%5.0%7.5%8.9%-3.7%6.8%-5.3%
Enterprise value€4.7B€4.9B€4.8B€5.3B€3.9B€4.8B€2.5B€2.4B
Net debt / EBITDA10.01×4.66×5.34×2.74×0.77×-1.9×-0.58×-109.32×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-3845-3-12-311,209-26310