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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+972.8%
€64.37
vs €6.00 price
Levered DCF
€64.36
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.06
Distress zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.07×12.39×20.86×32.57×47.28×84.29×61.31×-407.41×
P/B5.76×15.21×28.43×19.3×7.39×36.42×69.41×-23.37×
P/S1.27×2.28×3.8×3.93×4.72×19.24×16.34×19.6×
EV / EBITDA6.29×7.73×12.91×14.11×15.99×44.87×36.53×61×
Gross margin86.4%88.0%87.0%85.6%85.8%85.9%87.1%81.9%
Operating margin32.2%30.7%25.8%25.4%23.4%36.0%39.2%41.5%
Net margin15.8%18.3%18.2%11.9%10.0%22.6%26.6%-4.8%
Current ratio0.15×0.25×0.31×0.44×1.71×0.33×0.33×0.26×
Debt / equity5.72×4.42×6.33×5.49×2.74×2.17×6.71×-3.85×
Interest coverage6.07×11.8×9.86×5.57×6.13×7.17×1.82×1.14×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity71.7%122.5%136.3%58.6%15.6%42.8%113.1%5.7%
Return on invested capital12.8%21.6%17.9%10.3%5.5%12.5%21.5%-43.1%
Return on assets7.1%11.5%10.3%5.8%3.2%9.7%10.8%-1.3%
Free cash flow yield20.4%15.9%9.4%8.8%7.6%2.3%2.0%2.0%
Earnings yield12.5%8.1%4.8%3.0%2.1%1.2%1.6%-0.2%
Enterprise value€1.9B€1.9B€2.8B€2.7B€2.7B€9.2B€6.9B€5.8B
Net debt / EBITDA3.07×1.57×2.08×2.47×1.94×2.14×2.88×7.91×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-23-51-16-23-22-27-53-95