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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-46.8%
€26.06
vs €49.00 price
Levered DCF
€16.88
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.58
Grey zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E15.43×13.33×9.71×11.13×24.03×34.68×18.35×15.78×
P/B1.62×1.5×1.92×1.94×3.17×2.49×2.97×2.64×
P/S0.83×0.78×0.87×0.84×1.5×1.28×1.41×1.17×
EV / EBITDA10.38×7.58×6.44×6.56×11.04×13.32×14.35×11.35×
Gross margin18.0%51.9%20.0%19.4%18.9%15.7%17.5%47.3%
Operating margin6.1%7.6%9.4%10.5%9.0%5.5%6.7%9.0%
Net margin5.4%5.8%9.0%7.5%6.2%3.7%7.7%7.4%
Current ratio1.5×1.57×1.54×1.59×1.45×1.53×1.59×1.25×
Debt / equity0.75×0.8×0.78×0.73×0.53×0.71×0.67×0.63×
Interest coverage3.62×4.33×7.46×18.48×17.57×8.08×10.28×16.64×
Dividend yield4.1%5.1%4.2%4.1%1.8%3.8%2.8%3.0%
Payout ratio63.5%68.2%40.9%45.1%43.2%131.7%51.5%47.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.5%11.3%19.8%17.4%13.2%7.2%16.2%16.8%
Return on invested capital5.6%6.3%9.1%10.1%8.6%4.5%6.1%9.0%
Return on assets4.4%4.5%7.8%6.6%5.6%3.0%7.1%7.1%
Free cash flow yield8.4%7.2%-4.9%-1.4%5.5%7.1%5.3%5.0%
Earnings yield6.5%7.5%10.3%9.0%4.2%2.9%5.4%6.3%
Enterprise value€2B€1.9B€2.2B€1.9B€2.6B€2B€2.5B€2B
Net debt / EBITDA2.85×2.32×1.65×1.33×1.21×2.31×2.28×1.82×
Cash conversion cycle (days)9518613512210210590107