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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-6.6%
€68.21
vs €73.00 price
Levered DCF
-€177.93
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.22
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.29×6.6×4.81×4.31×14.56×-5.84×13.42×5.58×
P/B1.68×1.04×0.66×0.43×0.48×0.29×0.47×0.38×
P/S4.83×1.4×0.94×1.03×1.35×0.77×1.18×0.87×
EV / EBITDA20.25×9.43×12.37×1.01×47.22×24.28×18.92×20.13×
Gross margin97.2%56.9%56.4%78.6%83.8%83.3%81.6%82.5%
Operating margin58.3%27.5%25.5%27.2%8.0%-11.3%12.3%14.9%
Net margin47.0%20.8%21.2%24.1%9.4%-12.6%13.7%16.5%
Current ratio0.24×0.12×0.12×94.62×149.05×0.37×44.83×0.1×
Debt / equity2.98×1.97×3×1.82×4.61×2.25×2.05×1.94×
Interest coverage0×0.64×0.59×1.28×0.49×-0.68×0.67×0.85×
Dividend yield4.4%7.6%5.8%6.2%2.6%3.4%4.5%6.0%
Payout ratio45.4%50.9%25.7%26.4%36.9%-20.8%38.7%31.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.3%15.6%14.8%10.2%3.4%-4.7%5.5%7.3%
Return on invested capital2.7%2.8%-6.1%1.6%0.4%-0.4%0.7%1.0%
Return on assets1.3%1.2%1.2%0.8%0.2%-0.3%0.4%0.5%
Free cash flow yield9.1%-12.8%-99.2%33.1%-29.1%480.8%-63.5%-150.0%
Earnings yield9.7%14.9%22.6%23.5%7.0%-16.3%11.7%18.9%
Enterprise value€277B€133.6B€161.8B€8.7B€154.4B-€26.3B€98.2B€87.1B
Net debt / EBITDA11.96×4.83×9.16×-2.19×38.02×39.98×13.34×15.12×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-51021-2,553-10,146-19,594-19-7,098-106