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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-88.1%
€3.04
vs €25.48 price
Levered DCF
€49.58
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.1
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.67×7.8×3.26×6.07×5.28×3.84×3.94×6.02×
P/B1.38×0.89×0.44×0.52×0.43×0.36×0.53×0.48×
P/S0.99×0.6×0.28×0.3×0.23×0.2×0.23×0.17×
EV / EBITDA8.59×8.56×3.77×5.55×4.85×5.7×4.81×4.65×
Gross margin39.3%36.6%27.8%31.8%43.0%35.4%39.4%38.1%
Operating margin14.2%9.5%12.0%8.2%6.7%7.7%8.2%8.4%
Net margin10.2%7.7%8.4%4.9%4.4%5.3%5.7%2.9%
Current ratio9.61×2.89×1.56×54.17×86.19×108.98×97.59×105.21×
Debt / equity0.59×0.69×0.61×0.75×0.55×0.69×0.67×0.84×
Interest coverage10.89×5.9×8.41×5.76×5.63×5.88×7.17×6.56×
Dividend yield6.6%4.2%10.8%10.1%12.1%5.3%3.6%5.3%
Payout ratio64.3%32.6%35.2%61.1%64.1%20.4%14.3%31.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity14.3%11.5%13.4%8.6%8.1%9.3%13.5%8.0%
Return on invested capital1.7%1.3%1.8%0.6%0.7%0.7%0.9%0.9%
Return on assets1.6%1.3%1.4%0.7%0.8%0.9%1.2%0.5%
Free cash flow yield28.2%19.0%6.8%35.5%42.3%18.5%37.5%116.6%
Earnings yield10.3%12.8%30.6%16.6%18.8%26.0%25.4%16.7%
Enterprise value€19.3B€13.2B€6.8B€6B€5.7B€6.8B€7B€6.4B
Net debt / EBITDA2.2×3.11×1.77×2.61×2×3.43×2.38×2.89×
Cash conversion cycle (days)16300263041-20-18