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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+379.9%
€297.05
vs €61.90 price
Levered DCF
-€295.71
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.33
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.26×6.79×32.81×-14.17×8.15×6.6×7.94×8.56×
P/B1.03×0.81×1.29×0.79×2.44×1.87×2.33×1.91×
P/S15.37×15.52×23.84×19.66×114.18×77.78×58.69×14.44×
EV / EBITDA11.26×9.47×47.52×106.37×-360.03×-365.64×478.71×9.44×
Gross margin80.5%79.9%75.2%68.0%73.9%66.5%66.1%98.4%
Operating margin207.2%252.7%98.8%31.2%1673.4%1333.0%-5.4%73.1%
Net margin166.0%228.6%72.6%-138.8%1400.8%1179.0%739.6%168.6%
Current ratio1.77×3.39×4.75×2.01×3.93×3.11×3.33×5.3×
Debt / equity0.91×0.86×0.9×1.08×0.64×0.6×1.1×1.07×
Interest coverage6.86×7.4×3.44×0.73×37.22×0×-0.06×2.41×
Dividend yield3.4%5.2%2.6%8.6%1.4%2.5%2.5%3.4%
Payout ratio31.0%35.2%86.0%-122.0%11.6%16.3%19.9%29.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.2%12.0%3.9%-5.6%29.9%28.4%29.4%22.3%
Return on invested capital6.1%6.3%2.2%0.6%22.0%24.0%-0.1%5.2%
Return on assets5.6%6.2%2.0%-2.5%16.7%16.7%12.7%10.0%
Free cash flow yield1.9%-0.9%-1.0%9.8%11.9%3.4%5.9%27.3%
Earnings yield10.8%14.7%3.0%-7.1%12.3%15.2%12.6%11.7%
Enterprise value€4.5B€3.5B€4.7B€3.4B€6.5B€3B€2.2B€1.5B
Net debt / EBITDA4.57×4.22×18.25×52.23×-64.78×-68.18×127.57×2.71×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-671-928-772-1,202-2,206-1,921-2,102-12,564