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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+20.2%
€59.38
vs €49.40 price
Levered DCF
€170.38
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
1.48
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E23.51×12.09×19.18×16.43×34.47×42.19×-9.37×38.6×
P/B2.42×1.05×1.6×1.15×1.42×1.83×1.58×1.37×
P/S1.1×0.63×0.61×0.66×0.84×0.84×0.68×0.81×
EV / EBITDA13.49×5.44×6.24×6.94×8.09×7.79×9.69×10.9×
Gross margin25.7%27.2%26.0%22.6%23.1%22.6%18.6%21.5%
Operating margin6.8%8.2%7.9%7.2%6.5%6.1%0.7%5.7%
Net margin5.1%5.7%3.7%4.6%3.0%2.0%-7.2%2.1%
Current ratio1.1×1.3×1.1×1.48×1.33×0.99×1.36×1.43×
Debt / equity1.37×0.31×0.69×0.54×0.52×1.05×1.07×0.7×
Interest coverage3.12×5.14×4.81×4.16×4.83×2.39×0.3×3.53×
Dividend yield1.4%3.7%2.4%3.9%3.3%0.6%2.6%2.9%
Payout ratio31.0%40.8%39.4%55.6%92.9%24.4%-24.1%111.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.2%9.5%9.7%8.0%5.0%4.3%-16.8%3.6%
Return on invested capital4.9%8.2%6.2%6.1%3.6%4.8%0.7%3.4%
Return on assets3.2%4.6%3.2%3.5%2.2%1.4%-5.0%1.4%
Free cash flow yield5.1%10.5%9.4%3.9%3.7%0.6%-6.3%-2.8%
Earnings yield4.7%9.0%6.0%6.9%3.6%2.4%-10.7%2.6%
Enterprise value€2.2B€894.7M€961.8M€930.5M€1B€1.1B€987.7M€1B
Net debt / EBITDA4.3×0.79×1.43×1.82×1.73×2.52×3.59×3.32×
Cash conversion cycle (days)99101103118116110113126