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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-17.1%
€16.00
vs €19.29 price
Levered DCF
€24.60
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.93
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E14.36×9.69×259.09×14.35×7.84×15.11×9.65×7.84×
P/B1.02×0.89×1.33×1.18×2.19×2.1×1.81×1.63×
P/S9.77×9.65×14.75×15.3×27.64×19.83×17.2×13.8×
EV / EBITDA16.83×13.66×154.85×19.6×8.72×19.42×12.91×11.87×
Gross margin81.8%87.7%85.8%87.3%90.3%90.1%90.5%92.0%
Operating margin79.2%83.5%21.6%38.5%388.9%160.5%215.9%204.1%
Net margin67.8%99.3%5.6%106.4%352.5%130.4%178.2%176.0%
Current ratio0.33×0.36×0.37×0.2×0.21×0.14×0.18×0.13×
Debt / equity0.7×0.65×0.52×0.57×0.64×0.92×0.9×1.1×
Interest coverage5.29×7.57×1.23×4.05×49.93×18.21×20.72×21.5×
Dividend yield3.2%3.4%2.2%3.2%1.1%1.6%1.8%2.0%
Payout ratio46.2%32.9%571.8%46.5%8.8%24.1%17.2%15.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.1%9.2%0.5%8.2%28.0%13.8%18.7%20.8%
Return on invested capital3.9%4.3%-0.9%1.8%16.0%8.3%11.2%11.0%
Return on assets4.0%5.3%0.3%5.0%16.1%6.8%9.3%9.4%
Free cash flow yield5.8%7.7%4.5%6.7%2.8%3.8%3.7%6.5%
Earnings yield6.9%10.3%0.4%7.0%12.8%6.6%10.4%12.8%
Enterprise value€8.6B€7.3B€8.2B€7.5B€9.9B€7.1B€5.7B€4.3B
Net debt / EBITDA6.84×5.73×43.5×6.39×1.96×5.9×4.29×4.77×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-306-506-252-464-451-491-788-989