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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+480.2%
€62.78
vs €10.82 price
Levered DCF
€35.03
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.6
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.89×5.79×5.11×13.92×10.19×-5.6×25.92×9.44×
P/B1.51×0.85×0.68×0.79×0.43×0.34×0.61×0.72×
P/S3.47×2.1×1.84×3.08×2.42×1.74×3.13×3.21×
EV / EBITDA-2.89×-4.38×-6.33×-17.32×-31.48×16.97×7.57×7.91×
Gross margin76.7%79.1%82.4%88.7%97.6%35.9%88.3%97.9%
Operating margin38.1%42.9%42.9%26.7%25.4%-36.2%18.5%40.0%
Net margin36.7%37.7%37.1%24.3%27.0%-29.4%12.1%35.1%
Current ratio25.67×0.35×0.37×0.38×1,360.16×612.17×0.19×400.35×
Debt / equity0.99×0.75×0.74×0.74×0.58×0.57×0.65×0.49×
Interest coverage1.88×2.15×2.96×2.39×2.1×-3.71×1.7×4.69×
Dividend yield5.5%5.3%1.6%1.3%1.1%1.0%5.5%3.3%
Payout ratio52.5%29.6%8.1%15.9%10.0%-6.0%141.0%29.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.0%15.3%13.7%6.3%4.7%-5.7%2.4%7.9%
Return on invested capital1.3%7.5%6.5%2.7%1.0%-1.6%1.3%4.3%
Return on assets1.4%1.7%1.5%0.6%0.5%-0.7%0.3%1.2%
Free cash flow yield17.7%24.2%-10.5%-47.8%236.0%354.1%44.1%14.8%
Earnings yield10.6%18.0%20.2%7.9%11.1%-16.9%3.9%10.9%
Enterprise value-€7.2B-€13B-€17B-€19.7B-€29.4B-€13.4B€4.8B€10.1B
Net debt / EBITDA-10.96×-8.79×-10.15×-25.87×-37.7×22.76×-5.83×0.06×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-18-4-14-40-373314-85