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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1.4%
€22.20
vs €21.90 price
Levered DCF
€13.83
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
3.97
Safe zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E-51.9×-16.63×-71.43×63.03×12.03×17.65×57.79×33.32×
P/B2.92×2.68×2.75×3.09×2.11×1.35×1.58×1.29×
P/S2.36×2.37×1.7×1.6×1.19×0.63×0.73×0.63×
EV / EBITDA21.65×22.72×14.98×12.22×5.73×4.13×6.32×5.4×
Gross margin33.9%35.8%35.8%33.4%36.2%34.8%34.3%36.2%
Operating margin-4.3%-9.7%2.2%2.5%7.5%4.9%-8.8%3.0%
Net margin-4.5%-14.3%-2.4%2.5%9.8%3.6%1.3%1.9%
Current ratio2.02×2.21×2.46×1.56×1.72×1.9×1.69×1.77×
Debt / equity0.12×0.25×0.26×0.21×0.21×0.34×0.45×0.37×
Interest coverage-4.61×-8.35×3.68×8.09×24.68×10.11×-18.41×9.21×
Dividend yield2.4%2.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio-123.7%-43.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity-5.6%-16.2%-3.8%4.9%17.4%7.7%2.8%4.0%
Return on invested capital-4.3%-8.0%-6.0%3.5%10.4%5.8%-9.7%3.4%
Return on assets-3.5%-9.4%-2.2%2.8%9.8%4.1%1.3%2.0%
Free cash flow yield6.0%5.0%-2.9%-5.1%8.2%10.9%1.6%3.8%
Earnings yield-1.9%-6.0%-1.4%1.6%8.3%5.7%1.7%3.1%
Enterprise value€1.1B€1.1B€1.1B€1.2B€679.4M€382.2M€466.1M€342.5M
Net debt / EBITDA0.03×1.44×0.9×0.2×-0.31×0.29×0.83×0.43×
Cash conversion cycle (days)161146127949610198100