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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+133.0%
€49.62
vs €21.30 price
Levered DCF
€40.73
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.32
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E17.13×-317.26×8.12×7.56×8.13×3.77×3.71×6.79×
P/B0.82×0.62×1.12×2.23×1.92×0.4×0.37×0.73×
P/S0.63×0.47×0.78×1.23×0.95×0.21×0.18×0.34×
EV / EBITDA4.17×6.03×4.35×4.37×4.5×3.31×4.45×5.02×
Gross margin4.9%23.9%14.0%43.2%39.4%9.8%33.9%32.9%
Operating margin5.8%0.0%13.7%24.2%17.4%8.6%8.4%8.1%
Net margin3.7%-0.1%9.8%16.4%11.8%5.8%5.0%5.0%
Current ratio1.8×1.53×2×1.83×1.65×1.29×0.96×1.22×
Debt / equity0.34×0.58×0.65×0.7×0.97×1.35×1.46×1.27×
Interest coverage5.81×0.01×10.67×26.28×11.31×3.49×3.56×4.89×
Dividend yield0.9%2.3%3.8%1.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio14.8%-739.3%30.7%10.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.8%-0.2%14.0%29.6%23.8%10.7%10.0%10.7%
Return on invested capital3.8%0.0%8.5%18.1%12.4%4.7%5.6%7.6%
Return on assets2.5%-0.1%6.6%13.1%8.9%3.4%3.1%3.6%
Free cash flow yield12.2%15.7%9.7%9.9%9.7%41.4%-70.0%-32.2%
Earnings yield5.8%-0.3%12.5%13.3%12.4%27.0%27.0%14.7%
Enterprise value€71M€71M€105.9M€158.3M€117M€49.9M€52.5M€52.2M
Net debt / EBITDA0.67×2.39×1.1×0.48×1.07×2.38×3.45×3×
Cash conversion cycle (days)89809013892678280