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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+168.7%
€141.60
vs €52.70 price
Levered DCF
€142.97
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.82
Distress zone
Rating
S-
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.5×12.57×8.05×3.69×7.1×29.86×17.47×9.92×
P/B0.75×0.72×0.61×0.77×0.87×0.79×1.03×0.93×
P/S5.43×5.22×4.53×6.06×6.09×5.36×7.8×7.11×
EV / EBITDA14.56×19.46×14.72×6.58×13.06×47.03×26.02×15.6×
Gross margin78.6%79.2%78.0%100.0%100.4%77.1%78.8%80.9%
Operating margin66.8%70.8%70.5%116.0%88.5%29.2%72.0%80.1%
Net margin57.1%41.5%56.2%164.2%85.8%18.0%44.6%71.6%
Current ratio0.14×0.11×0.21×0.19×0.19×0.26×0.12×0.08×
Debt / equity0.66×0.7×0.72×0.75×0.9×0.96×0.68×0.68×
Interest coverage7.07×6.72×0×0×0×0×0×0×
Dividend yield8.4%8.5%9.6%7.3%7.4%8.4%6.0%4.9%
Payout ratio79.6%107.3%77.1%26.9%52.7%249.7%105.0%48.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.9%5.8%7.6%20.7%12.3%2.6%5.9%9.3%
Return on invested capital5.4%5.6%5.4%7.8%6.5%2.0%5.5%6.0%
Return on assets4.6%3.3%4.3%11.6%6.3%1.3%3.4%5.4%
Free cash flow yield13.5%13.5%15.9%11.6%11.7%12.2%8.6%9.6%
Earnings yield10.5%8.0%12.4%27.1%14.1%3.4%5.7%10.1%
Enterprise value€632.9M€629.5M€587.5M€656.8M€654M€607.2M€615.9M€581.2M
Net debt / EBITDA6.78×9.54×7.9×3.23×6.6×25.67×10.25×6.53×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-251-146-163-156-128-131-152-179