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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+228.6%
€102.53
vs €31.20 price
Levered DCF
€386.20
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.18
Distress zone
Rating
C-
Overall 1 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E21.16×20.78×15.04×19.25×12.11×7.5×4.15×11.57×
P/B1.25×1.32×1.24×1.27×1.4×1.15×0.89×1.43×
P/S0.99×0.92×0.85×0.96×1.21×0.79×1×2.89×
EV / EBITDA12.59×7.17×7.76×8.7×8.97×6.53×5.12×8.88×
Gross margin38.8%33.0%35.0%41.5%39.3%32.1%49.1%95.9%
Operating margin6.9%10.7%11.5%12.1%15.7%15.5%26.2%37.6%
Net margin4.7%4.4%5.7%5.0%10.0%10.5%22.0%25.0%
Current ratio1.6×1.67×1.77×1.73×2.18×1.71×1.91×1.27×
Debt / equity0.81×0.94×1.31×1.59×1.74×1.63×1.75×1.13×
Interest coverage2.07×1.85×2.02×3.04×3.82×4.85×6.77×5.96×
Dividend yield5.8%5.4%4.9%4.2%3.4%4.2%3.3%4.1%
Payout ratio122.6%112.3%74.3%81.5%40.6%31.3%15.0%47.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.9%6.3%8.2%6.6%11.6%15.4%19.6%12.4%
Return on invested capital4.0%5.7%2.9%3.2%5.3%7.2%6.6%5.5%
Return on assets2.1%2.1%2.4%1.7%3.1%4.1%5.1%4.8%
Free cash flow yield19.3%9.5%-12.3%12.3%-22.9%24.3%29.1%15.2%
Earnings yield4.7%4.8%6.6%5.2%8.3%13.3%22.0%8.7%
Enterprise value€210.2M€214.5M€275.2M€274.9M€305.3M€233M€192M€107.2M
Net debt / EBITDA2.29×1.05×2.81×3.02×3.23×2.4×2.37×2.97×
Cash conversion cycle (days)25625427241124-43-610-3,357