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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+246.0%
€65.73
vs €19.00 price
Levered DCF
€69.53
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.83
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E16.12×41.23×19.79×19.73×21.93×27.57×15.69×15.15×
P/B1.35×1.23×1.8×1.58×1.18×1.42×1.26×1.79×
P/S1.06×0.95×1.43×1.65×1.38×1.41×1.14×1.44×
EV / EBITDA7.3×9.14×8.79×7.15×5.13×7.28×4.46×4.76×
Gross margin73.0%73.6%72.6%71.1%72.0%76.9%77.2%77.7%
Operating margin7.1%3.2%8.6%10.5%8.2%7.4%13.0%17.9%
Net margin6.5%2.3%7.3%8.4%6.3%5.1%7.3%9.5%
Current ratio2.22×2.51×2.27×3.12×2.86×2.5×3×2.54×
Debt / equity0.08×0.04×0.03×0.04×0.02×0.02×0.03×0.01×
Interest coverage20.84×9.74×35.51×36.32×69.7×109.73×171.88×523.69×
Dividend yield3.9%5.0%28.1%1.9%2.7%2.5%4.0%3.3%
Payout ratio63.8%206.8%555.4%36.9%58.3%70.1%62.5%49.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.3%3.0%9.1%8.0%5.4%5.1%8.0%11.8%
Return on invested capital5.7%2.8%6.5%6.6%3.9%4.4%7.4%10.6%
Return on assets5.4%2.0%6.1%5.7%3.7%3.4%5.3%7.5%
Free cash flow yield5.6%7.3%3.9%4.7%2.1%6.6%2.2%5.0%
Earnings yield6.1%2.4%5.1%5.1%4.6%3.6%6.4%6.6%
Enterprise value€483.8M€415.6M€647.3M€652.9M€404.3M€501.7M€442M€659.6M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.72×-1.09×-0.82×-2.5×-2.82×-3.23×-1.97×-1.52×
Cash conversion cycle (days)235264205184220213160122