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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-43.4%
€5.95
vs €10.51 price
Levered DCF
€10.49
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.95
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E14.26×11.09×11.81×11.61×18.7×25.69×15.58×12.27×
P/B1.3×1.26×1.74×1.77×2.3×2.41×2.65×2.43×
P/S0.81×0.75×0.93×0.93×1.46×1.58×1.38×1.1×
EV / EBITDA6.17×4.81×6.24×6.38×8.95×10.45×7.78×6.36×
Gross margin28.2%55.2%46.0%45.4%53.8%54.7%54.3%53.1%
Operating margin8.8%10.2%10.7%10.5%10.3%8.2%12.3%13.1%
Net margin5.7%6.8%7.9%8.0%7.7%6.2%8.9%9.0%
Current ratio1.29×1.55×1.38×1.46×1.56×1.67×1.26×1.14×
Debt / equity0.6×0.54×0.48×0.5×0.55×0.64×0.48×0.4×
Interest coverage6.46×7.72×9.5×20.61×21.74×9.43×18.25×21.25×
Dividend yield3.2%3.3%2.5%2.6%1.8%0.0%2.0%2.5%
Payout ratio45.7%36.4%29.8%29.8%33.0%0.0%30.9%30.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.1%11.4%14.8%15.3%12.2%9.4%17.0%19.9%
Return on invested capital6.2%7.8%10.2%9.9%7.5%6.3%11.7%14.4%
Return on assets4.4%5.7%7.3%7.6%5.9%4.3%8.4%9.4%
Free cash flow yield5.7%0.5%6.9%1.7%4.2%4.1%1.5%5.5%
Earnings yield7.0%9.0%8.5%8.7%5.3%3.9%6.4%8.2%
Enterprise value€3.7B€3.3B€4.1B€3.9B€4.5B€3.9B€3.9B€3.1B
Net debt / EBITDA1.21×0.55×0.74×0.87×0.83×1.03×0.69×0.28×
Cash conversion cycle (days)63503659492017-7