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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+626.5%
€4.88
vs €0.67 price
Levered DCF
€2.46
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.13
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.33×9.12×12.61×9.58×28.58×76.19×12.36×16.08×
P/B5.29×3.65×5.14×6.09×12.27×14.91×8.38×12.16×
P/S0.47×0.39×0.43×0.48×0.62×0.8×1.13×1.67×
EV / EBITDA0.77×3.79×5.97×5.13×6.52×8.49×6.55×9.74×
Gross margin30.3%36.2%34.5%34.2%33.5%32.9%35.3%34.6%
Operating margin9.9%10.8%10.4%12.6%10.9%8.9%16.9%15.5%
Net margin4.5%4.3%3.4%5.0%2.2%1.1%9.4%10.1%
Current ratio0.93×0.99×0.96×1.05×0.93×1.13×1.07×1.28×
Debt / equity9.23×5.01×7.49×7.69×11.61×13.51×3.96×3.45×
Interest coverage3.39×3.77×3.58×8.78×5.23×3.33×6.39×7.29×
Dividend yield6.5%7.3%4.9%3.2%6.2%2.6%5.4%3.3%
Payout ratio67.2%66.3%61.8%31.1%176.8%200.2%65.1%54.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity51.2%40.0%40.7%63.5%43.0%19.6%69.4%73.2%
Return on invested capital5.4%7.6%6.8%8.0%4.3%1.8%14.3%14.3%
Return on assets3.3%3.7%3.2%4.4%1.9%0.9%8.7%10.2%
Free cash flow yield12.5%20.8%16.1%19.2%18.4%13.9%10.2%4.3%
Earnings yield9.7%11.0%7.9%10.4%3.5%1.3%8.3%6.0%
Enterprise value€1.5B€1.4B€1.7B€1.7B€1.6B€1.9B€2.7B€3.4B
Net debt / EBITDA0.3×1.56×3.19×2.45×2.64×3.09×1.59×1.55×
Cash conversion cycle (days)5144315645493660