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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+15.3%
€51.90
vs €45.00 price
Levered DCF
€83.44
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.61
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E21.21×13.25×9.05×9.11×22.34×11.03×13.27×2.23×
P/B2.31×1.64×1.68×1.86×2.54×1.68×1.91×0.39×
P/S1.45×0.94×0.7×0.67×1.46×0.61×0.61×0.09×
EV / EBITDA9.7×5.85×4.61×5.29×13.75×5.38×6.09×1.92×
Gross margin17.4%44.4%45.5%43.2%36.9%37.5%14.6%15.7%
Operating margin10.1%10.5%11.8%10.3%9.5%7.6%6.3%6.4%
Net margin6.9%7.1%7.7%7.3%6.6%5.5%4.6%4.1%
Current ratio1.59×1.68×1.49×1.83×1.55×1.68×1.7×1.54×
Debt / equity0.38×0.29×0.32×0.68×0.76×0.25×0.34×0.6×
Interest coverage21.62×7.66×9.2×14.88×38.45×34.3×12.06×17.98×
Dividend yield1.8%4.0%2.5%1.7%1.2%3.0%5.0%10.0%
Payout ratio37.4%53.3%22.9%15.8%25.9%32.8%66.0%22.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.9%12.4%18.5%20.4%11.4%15.2%14.3%17.7%
Return on invested capital7.0%8.0%11.9%9.7%4.8%11.6%9.7%10.7%
Return on assets5.0%6.0%7.9%7.3%3.4%7.1%6.4%6.0%
Free cash flow yield5.5%5.5%19.4%7.3%5.3%15.2%6.2%18.5%
Earnings yield4.7%7.5%11.0%11.0%4.5%9.0%7.5%44.8%
Enterprise value€1.4B€959.7M€946.3M€974.6M€1.1B€238.2M€274.6M€71.1M
Net debt / EBITDA0.72×0.42×0.46×0.81×2.31×-0.06×0.62×0.97×
Cash conversion cycle (days)92838585126777883