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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1350.6%
€223.10
vs €15.38 price
Levered DCF
€125.38
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.54
Distress zone
Rating
A+
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E4.21×15.38×-16.07×11.17×8.02×-11.31×7.09×12.01×
P/B0.49×0.52×0.79×0.42×0.82×0.61×0.86×0.93×
P/S2.65×2.33×3.64×3.76×7.41×5.01×6.96×7.85×
EV / EBITDA7.09×12.46×-46.86×5.62×4.62×52.41×12.31×16.79×
Gross margin86.3%83.7%78.8%80.8%80.4%81.4%57.7%1.8%
Operating margin50.5%47.4%-8.4%61.1%78.9%-3.3%94.4%47.8%
Net margin62.7%15.1%-22.6%33.7%92.5%-44.2%98.0%65.3%
Current ratio1.18×1.66×1.65×1.56×1.34×4.26×1.19×1.73×
Debt / equity0.82×0.99×1.12×0.13×0.91×1.01×0.95×0.86×
Interest coverage2.33×1.82×-0.38×3.59×3.9×-0.23×6.12×2.7×
Dividend yield0.6%1.2%0.7%0.0%3.3%0.0%3.5%3.0%
Payout ratio2.7%17.9%-10.6%0.0%26.6%0.0%24.6%35.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.5%3.4%-4.9%3.8%10.3%-5.4%12.1%7.7%
Return on invested capital3.9%3.1%-0.5%2.1%3.9%-0.2%5.6%2.8%
Return on assets5.4%1.5%-1.9%1.4%5.0%-2.4%5.6%3.7%
Free cash flow yield16.7%19.5%15.0%-1.6%7.7%7.4%8.0%3.2%
Earnings yield23.7%6.5%-6.2%9.0%12.5%-8.8%14.1%8.3%
Enterprise value€5.5B€5.4B€6.3B€1.4B€4.9B€4B€5B€4.4B
Net debt / EBITDA4.3×7.74×-25.34×-0.55×1.99×27.54×6.05×6.84×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-220-182-120-194-218-213-25198