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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+78.4%
€14.20
vs €7.96 price
Levered DCF
€8.37
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.03
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E6.83×11.23×5.56×2.77×9.17×19.46×9.14×10.39×
P/B0.75×0.82×0.77×0.71×2.26×0.77×0.98×1.47×
P/S0.25×0.23×0.21×0.15×0.44×0.16×0.19×0.26×
EV / EBITDA4.8×4.7×3.82×2.86×4.61×4.32×3.44×4.73×
Gross margin5.5%24.0%5.8%8.3%8.5%4.8%23.5%22.2%
Operating margin4.8%4.9%6.8%7.4%7.3%2.5%3.5%3.8%
Net margin3.7%2.1%3.8%5.5%4.8%0.9%2.1%2.5%
Current ratio1.1×1.08×1.04×1.07×1.74×1.29×1.19×1×
Debt / equity0.76×0.88×0.94×1.06×1.4×1.35×0.78×0.47×
Interest coverage4.84×3.95×7.18×16.16×16.12×5.09×10.32×10.29×
Dividend yield2.5%3.0%6.7%7.8%0.0%4.3%4.4%3.1%
Payout ratio17.0%34.1%37.3%21.5%0.0%82.2%40.3%31.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.9%7.3%13.8%25.9%24.7%4.1%10.6%14.3%
Return on invested capital5.7%5.8%9.1%11.4%10.4%2.4%6.4%11.2%
Return on assets4.8%2.9%5.3%8.3%7.1%1.1%3.6%5.1%
Free cash flow yield15.5%21.6%9.2%39.6%15.3%23.7%14.8%10.7%
Earnings yield14.6%8.9%18.0%36.2%10.9%5.3%10.9%9.7%
Enterprise value€1.5B€1.6B€1.5B€1.3B€1.8B€744.5M€635.1M€843.7M
Net debt / EBITDA2.16×2.16×1.92×1.43×0.5×1.98×0.68×0.53×
Cash conversion cycle (days)123191620301212