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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+29.6%
€28.64
vs €22.10 price
Levered DCF
€20.90
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.76
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E26.82×31.08×22.46×95.94×23.94×34.94×206.58×86.16×
P/B3.16×4.06×2.14×3.31×3.95×1.31×1.65×1.18×
P/S2.96×3.01×1.42×2.47×3.86×2.3×1.84×1.4×
EV / EBITDA8.59×9.63×5.43×11.35×11.64×11.68×20.98×14.09×
Gross margin18.1%35.4%35.6%32.6%43.3%44.9%40.8%42.5%
Operating margin19.3%18.3%17.9%15.9%18.5%10.8%2.1%2.7%
Net margin11.1%9.7%6.4%2.5%16.1%6.6%0.9%1.6%
Current ratio1.62×1.28×1.19×1.23×1.22×1.59×1.22×1.57×
Debt / equity0.54×0.6×0.73×0.77×0.66×0.46×0.04×0.01×
Interest coverage8.55×6.71×6.75×12.65×24.38×27.82×4.65×3.76×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.8%13.1%9.6%3.4%16.5%3.7%0.8%1.4%
Return on invested capital8.1%9.2%7.8%3.9%9.9%2.8%1.0%1.5%
Return on assets5.8%6.2%4.2%1.4%8.6%2.0%0.6%1.0%
Free cash flow yield3.6%2.1%5.9%6.7%3.0%6.3%-2.8%2.4%
Earnings yield3.7%3.2%4.5%1.0%4.2%2.9%0.5%1.2%
Enterprise value€118.4M€115.2M€56.1M€79.3M€79.8M€20.2M€10.3M€6.3M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.08×0.28×0.65×0.9×0.5×-0.74×-4.49×-5.87×
Cash conversion cycle (days)3-2-5-3724-30-2250