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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+654.5%
€156.18
vs €20.70 price
Levered DCF
€134.14
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.75
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.49×14×9.46×10.99×10.14×9.11×10.83×5.43×
P/B3.69×4.87×3.46×5.01×4.15×3.02×2.84×2.6×
P/S0.45×0.65×0.59×0.66×0.52×0.42×0.41×0.4×
EV / EBITDA5.93×6.51×4.52×6.37×4.18×2.92×3.94×1.56×
Gross margin7.9%77.6%47.7%83.1%80.8%76.1%74.0%74.6%
Operating margin6.3%7.5%8.8%9.1%8.8%6.7%5.5%11.1%
Net margin4.0%4.6%6.2%6.0%5.2%4.7%3.8%7.4%
Current ratio1.23×1.14×1.38×1.39×1.17×1.17×1.13×1.2×
Debt / equity2.84×2.74×1.81×2.78×1.7×1.3×1.01×0.49×
Interest coverage21.19×32.48×31.79×51.07×64.11×41.74×31.82×257.65×
Dividend yield2.7%2.9%3.0%2.9%3.7%3.0%7.0%7.9%
Payout ratio31.6%41.0%28.1%32.2%37.7%27.3%75.9%42.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity32.1%34.6%36.6%45.5%40.9%33.2%26.2%47.9%
Return on invested capital7.8%8.2%11.2%11.8%14.4%12.1%11.6%25.3%
Return on assets4.0%4.3%6.3%5.9%5.7%5.2%4.6%9.4%
Free cash flow yield13.5%11.0%18.0%10.1%8.2%31.2%5.3%14.2%
Earnings yield8.7%7.1%10.6%9.1%9.9%11.0%9.2%18.4%
Enterprise value€140M€163.5M€115.5M€125.7M€82M€41.8M€47.7M€24.5M
Net debt / EBITDA1.26×0.87×-0.08×0.3×-0.2×-1.19×-0.76×-1.63×
Cash conversion cycle (days)33-248-65-477-491-459-326-353