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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+148.9%
€11.30
vs €4.54 price
Levered DCF
-€5.26
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.98
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.51×7.1×10.87×6.88×14.48×-15.78×6.23×16.1×
P/B4.81×3.12×5.49×1.51×2.58×-3.55×5.67×2.12×
P/S0.29×0.15×0.22×0.09×0.13×0.13×0.15×0.13×
EV / EBITDA4.32×3×3.19×3.04×4.33×5.49×4.45×3.76×
Gross margin26.6%74.2%70.7%75.7%75.9%76.9%56.8%53.5%
Operating margin11.0%8.5%13.7%4.7%6.6%5.3%9.5%6.3%
Net margin2.5%2.1%2.0%1.4%0.9%-0.8%0.9%0.8%
Current ratio1.04×0.93×1×0.96×0.93×0.86×0.93×0.95×
Debt / equity9.78×10.03×11.37×10.04×17.39×-27.27×30.8×11.03×
Interest coverage1.51×1.29×2.69×0.76×0.89×0.68×1.31×0.96×
Dividend yield3.9%6.9%4.9%7.7%4.0%1.5%6.7%7.1%
Payout ratio44.2%49.0%53.4%51.8%58.4%-24.4%108.5%112.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity42.1%43.8%50.0%22.5%17.8%22.5%35.0%13.3%
Return on invested capital7.5%7.6%12.0%3.4%2.7%1.3%5.2%4.0%
Return on assets1.6%1.5%1.5%0.8%0.4%-0.4%0.5%0.5%
Free cash flow yield0.2%-1.8%-29.5%27.8%13.2%3.2%-41.4%-30.3%
Earnings yield8.8%14.0%9.1%14.9%6.9%-6.3%6.2%6.3%
Enterprise value€3.8B€3.2B€3.3B€2B€2.3B€2.3B€2.4B€1.9B
Net debt / EBITDA2.6×2.19×1.97×2.5×3.66×4.73×3.63×3.01×
Cash conversion cycle (days)176298636211468141130