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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+67.4%
€28.30
vs €16.90 price
Levered DCF
-€0.49
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.36
Grey zone
Rating
B-
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E16.07×14.38×9.77×17.23×38.3×26.51×24.9×17.28×
P/B1.38×2.43×2.98×5.11×4.59×2.52×1.35×0.83×
P/S0.82×1.23×1.34×2.13×2.3×1.7×0.82×0.6×
EV / EBITDA6.87×7.53×5.35×9.87×16.16×10.88×7.9×5.55×
Gross margin19.5%40.5%43.4%22.0%31.4%34.9%32.5%34.9%
Operating margin9.1%11.8%19.5%17.4%8.6%8.8%5.9%5.2%
Net margin5.1%8.2%13.7%11.7%6.0%6.4%3.3%3.1%
Current ratio1.62×1.95×1.82×1.98×1.64×2×1.95×1.24×
Debt / equity0.89×0.68×0.53×0.36×0.36×0.44×0.44×0.42×
Interest coverage5.16×12.52×33.48×55.54×18.75×10.98×7.65×3.89×
Dividend yield2.9%10.4%5.2%1.8%2.5%4.5%8.2%12.6%
Payout ratio46.6%155.6%50.8%32.4%94.2%120.4%202.9%247.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.6%16.2%30.4%28.2%12.0%9.5%5.5%4.2%
Return on invested capital4.6%7.9%18.4%19.6%8.5%6.1%4.5%3.9%
Return on assets3.4%6.9%14.0%13.4%6.2%5.2%3.0%2.4%
Free cash flow yield-6.9%-15.1%5.0%7.2%3.7%6.0%2.5%21.3%
Earnings yield6.2%6.7%10.2%5.5%2.6%3.8%4.0%5.1%
Enterprise value€395M€523.3M€587.9M€821.4M€630.9M€368.8M€228.2M€165.6M
Net debt / EBITDA2.43×1.35×0.15×-0.12×0.72×1.24×1.63×1.59×
Cash conversion cycle (days)20517212684125167130154