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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+19.2%
€5.31
vs €4.46 price
Levered DCF
€7.54
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.35
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.27×5.57×5.19×2.94×10.07×-1.75×24.02×12.95×
P/B1.31×0.92×0.75×0.59×0.6×0.41×0.46×0.23×
P/S3.77×1.41×1.16×1.13×1.36×0.77×1.18×0.45×
EV / EBITDA5.25×0.04×0.85×-3.37×-11.77×2.59×20.21×26.22×
Gross margin88.5%55.4%55.3%78.6%78.5%78.2%71.5%70.7%
Operating margin49.4%32.2%30.3%50.3%19.9%-31.6%6.2%9.0%
Net margin41.2%24.9%22.4%38.7%13.5%-43.6%4.9%3.5%
Current ratio12.59×0.23×0.22×0.28×0.28×0.17×0.13×0.08×
Debt / equity1.32×1.08×0.98×0.78×0.67×0.6×1.13×1.78×
Interest coverage0.71×0.72×0.68×2.35×0.93×-1.45×0.22×0.31×
Dividend yield4.5%4.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%0.3%
Payout ratio40.8%23.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%2.4%3.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity14.3%16.3%14.4%20.3%5.9%-23.1%1.9%1.8%
Return on invested capital1.2%6.8%5.8%5.7%1.3%-4.3%0.6%0.8%
Return on assets1.3%1.4%1.4%1.7%0.4%-1.8%0.2%0.2%
Free cash flow yield14.5%1.2%-39.2%68.8%244.6%149.5%49.7%-97.3%
Earnings yield10.9%17.7%19.3%34.3%9.9%-56.6%4.2%7.9%
Enterprise value€9.4B€81.5M€1.4B-€6.3B-€7B-€2B€5.4B€7.7B
Net debt / EBITDA-1.73×-4.03×-2.71×-5.48×-17.31×5.38×8.88×22.2×
Cash conversion cycle (days)12420521069310098