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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+342.8%
€260.59
vs €58.85 price
Levered DCF
€390.65
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.77
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E22.71×9.66×7.19×38.14×9.37×10.47×605.6×-43.22×
P/B3×1.33×1.11×0.99×0.93×0.86×1.2×0.87×
P/S0.74×0.34×0.29×0.25×0.33×0.3×0.32×0.25×
EV / EBITDA9.42×4.17×4.64×5.5×4.14×4.06×11.23×14.64×
Gross margin11.4%10.9%10.3%10.1%10.4%8.6%9.5%9.4%
Operating margin5.0%4.6%3.6%3.2%3.6%6.3%1.9%-0.0%
Net margin3.2%3.6%4.0%0.7%3.5%2.9%0.1%-0.6%
Current ratio1.25×1.36×1.29×1.36×1.65×1.66×1.31×0.98×
Debt / equity0.28×0.29×0.52×0.41×0.35×0.47×0.52×0.42×
Interest coverage6.94×6.43×4.29×4.59×4.56×6.91×1.88×-0.04×
Dividend yield2.2%3.9%3.7%18.1%6.5%0.7%2.9%4.0%
Payout ratio50.7%37.6%26.8%686.9%60.6%7.3%1752.2%-172.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity13.2%13.8%15.5%2.6%10.0%8.2%0.2%-2.0%
Return on invested capital9.0%8.9%7.8%4.7%6.5%9.5%1.4%0.4%
Return on assets4.8%5.2%5.4%0.9%4.1%3.1%0.1%-0.7%
Free cash flow yield7.5%10.3%6.6%9.9%4.4%7.4%1.0%-2.9%
Earnings yield4.4%10.3%13.9%2.6%10.7%9.5%0.2%-2.3%
Enterprise value€3.8B€1.6B€1.4B€943M€1B€1.1B€1.5B€1.1B
Net debt / EBITDA-0.36×-0.22×0.24×-0.76×-0.78×0.21×0.76×0.77×
Cash conversion cycle (days)5561605354595459