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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+164.6%
€3.20
vs €1.21 price
Levered DCF
€6.90
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.28
Distress zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E13.61×8.43×7.6×6.05×15.11×10.14×30.49×27.34×
P/B1.21×0.51×0.38×0.25×0.32×0.17×0.15×0.21×
P/S0.75×0.35×0.25×0.17×0.24×0.14×0.12×0.18×
EV / EBITDA7.69×3.92×3.58×3.32×4.67×4.4×4.32×6.83×
Gross margin13.8%7.7%62.6%65.4%65.3%64.7%62.2%20.5%
Operating margin8.4%9.8%9.3%8.9%7.3%6.1%5.7%4.2%
Net margin5.5%4.1%3.4%2.9%1.6%1.4%0.4%0.6%
Current ratio0.83×0.74×0.64×0.65×0.56×0.66×0.48×0.58×
Debt / equity0.48×0.56×0.52×0.55×0.65×0.73×0.58×0.56×
Interest coverage4.65×3.53×3.45×4.87×2.83×2.14×2.21×1.48×
Dividend yield3.6%7.1%6.3%1.6%0.5%1.6%1.2%0.0%
Payout ratio48.5%59.5%48.0%9.9%7.6%16.6%37.2%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.9%6.1%5.0%4.1%2.1%1.7%0.5%0.8%
Return on invested capital6.0%5.7%5.0%3.6%2.3%1.5%0.5%1.0%
Return on assets4.0%2.7%2.2%1.7%0.8%0.7%0.2%0.3%
Free cash flow yield17.6%35.0%53.7%8.9%22.0%31.5%62.0%26.1%
Earnings yield7.3%11.9%13.2%16.5%6.6%9.9%3.3%3.7%
Enterprise value€132.3M€76.4M€68.2M€59.3M€66.8M€55.5M€52.2M€54.3M
Net debt / EBITDA1.58×1.74×1.97×2.23×2.98×3.38×3.42×4.91×
Cash conversion cycle (days)1711-22-224638-2643