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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+347.0%
€45.68
vs €10.22 price
Levered DCF
-€169.73
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.98
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.12×10.71×13.99×11.19×15.8×20.87×31.92×24.88×
P/B0.6×0.52×0.85×0.67×1.1×1.48×3.67×3.29×
P/S0.77×0.86×1.7×1.48×2.34×2.73×6.84×5.69×
EV / EBITDA62.94×26.37×31.77×28.33×25.89×33.37×43.72×43.11×
Gross margin65.3%48.4%54.2%62.6%68.2%71.1%70.9%74.0%
Operating margin8.0%11.0%16.4%16.0%21.8%19.0%26.7%27.5%
Net margin7.7%9.3%13.4%14.7%16.4%14.2%22.5%22.9%
Current ratio3.13×1.15×1.56×1.17×1.4×1.64×1.54×1.42×
Debt / equity6.53×3.22×2.8×2.7×2.85×3.54×4.16×4.72×
Interest coverage46.41×0×4.73×11.26×10.14×11.36×32.21×55.07×
Dividend yield2.6%3.1%1.8%2.6%0.8%1.6%0.9%0.9%
Payout ratio25.3%28.5%22.7%26.2%12.1%30.1%26.4%23.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.1%5.7%6.7%6.6%7.7%7.7%12.1%13.2%
Return on invested capital0.6%1.1%1.4%1.4%1.8%1.5%2.1%2.3%
Return on assets0.8%0.9%1.3%1.4%1.5%1.3%2.0%2.2%
Free cash flow yield-37.2%55.0%27.7%-39.0%-5.6%30.5%2.2%0.1%
Earnings yield10.1%10.8%7.9%9.9%7.0%5.2%3.3%4.0%
Enterprise value€7.5B€4B€4.3B€4.1B€4.3B€5.2B€8.7B€7.6B
Net debt / EBITDA57.17×21.81×23.17×22.1×17.27×21.75×22.17×24.62×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-02292424208-44