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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+157.8%
€18.44
vs €7.15 price
Levered DCF
€66.10
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.67
Distress zone
Rating
A+
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.33×10.2×11.16×15.23×25.79×12.83×2.4×30.67×
P/B1.97×1.54×1.24×1.48×2.1×2.04×2.87×-13.29×
P/S0.31×0.22×0.17×0.24×0.34×0.3×0.41×0.53×
EV / EBITDA-1.35×-1.81×-3.19×-0.82×3.29×3.02×1.73×16.93×
Gross margin13.2%25.3%26.6%29.2%29.1%30.4%29.8%33.3%
Operating margin3.7%3.1%2.9%3.0%3.8%5.1%2.4%5.4%
Net margin2.5%2.1%1.5%1.5%1.3%2.4%17.0%1.7%
Current ratio1.24×1.22×1.25×1.26×1.25×1.25×1.23×1.06×
Debt / equity0.12×0.09×0.1×0.08×0.75×1.16×1.39×-13.96×
Interest coverage7.21×7.07×5.56×3.8×4.71×4.3×1.89×1.89×
Dividend yield2.4%2.9%2.9%2.5%2.0%2.2%0.3%0.1%
Payout ratio29.4%29.8%32.6%39.1%53.7%28.6%0.6%2.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.1%15.1%11.0%9.5%8.0%15.9%119.7%-43.4%
Return on invested capital8.5%7.8%6.9%5.5%6.1%7.6%5.1%5.6%
Return on assets2.8%2.5%1.8%1.7%1.3%2.3%16.3%1.3%
Free cash flow yield34.2%34.6%43.5%9.8%7.7%24.5%3.2%20.3%
Earnings yield8.1%9.8%8.9%6.5%3.8%7.8%41.7%3.3%
Enterprise value-€103.3M-€125.2M-€163.8M-€35.9M€137.4M€173.2M€345.9M€544.6M
Net debt / EBITDA-7.73×-6.68×-7.58×-6.73×-4.35×-2.07×-0.22×4.38×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-46-105-64-50-42-11-22-37