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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+407.0%
€154.11
vs €30.40 price
Levered DCF
€141.22
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.59
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.97×18.55×29.58×7.74×6.17×15.56×20.46×21.2×
P/B0.59×0.56×0.52×0.7×0.76×0.93×0.9×0.91×
P/S5.17×4.14×3.72×6.55×13.21×9.37×8.24×8.49×
EV / EBITDA19.93×24.55×31.41×14.91×10×19.89×21.43×21.79×
Gross margin66.0%69.9%66.8%57.6%44.3%59.4%64.7%66.0%
Operating margin51.0%56.3%55.4%42.2%53.2%64.4%52.6%50.7%
Net margin43.3%22.3%12.5%84.6%214.2%60.2%40.3%39.9%
Current ratio0.11×0.13×0.11×0.17×0.03×0.02×0.02×0.09×
Debt / equity0.84×0.88×0.89×0.87×0.56×0.44×0.21×0.18×
Interest coverage3.21×3.19×3.33×3.59×4.14×17.36×22.79×18.07×
Dividend yield5.4%6.5%6.3%4.5%4.1%4.5%5.1%5.0%
Payout ratio64.3%120.9%188.2%35.0%25.6%70.5%104.9%106.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.9%3.0%1.7%9.0%12.4%6.0%4.4%4.3%
Return on invested capital3.0%3.8%3.6%2.4%1.9%5.8%5.3%5.3%
Return on assets2.7%1.6%0.9%4.7%7.7%4.1%3.6%3.5%
Free cash flow yield10.8%13.7%12.8%5.1%22.6%-3.8%3.8%7.4%
Earnings yield8.4%5.4%3.4%12.9%16.2%6.4%4.9%4.7%
Enterprise value€37.2M€36.2M€35.6M€41.1M€34.6M€31.7M€25.4M€24.9M
Net debt / EBITDA11.63×14.93×19.83×8.24×4.21×6.26×3.94×3.26×
Cash conversion cycle (days)262624265333545-57