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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+208.7%
€24.57
vs €7.96 price
Levered DCF
€25.80
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
3.26
Safe zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.81×14.39×12.03×12.59×-172.9×-45×15.13×14.17×
P/B3.41×2.65×2.61×2.92×3.39×3.15×3.19×3.19×
P/S1.45×1.41×1.29×1.3×2.53×3.03×2.57×2.45×
EV / EBITDA8.12×7.52×6.56×7.32×18.86×32.18×10.29×10.79×
Gross margin12.9%84.9%73.8%26.0%78.1%78.6%83.0%86.4%
Operating margin12.9%11.4%12.0%11.4%-0.1%-3.8%18.2%18.2%
Net margin11.2%9.9%10.8%10.2%-1.5%-6.9%16.8%17.5%
Current ratio0.59×1.03×0.55×1.06×0.98×1.23×2.91×3.96×
Debt / equity1.03×0.63×0.67×0.81×0.72×0.9×0.83×0.81×
Interest coverage8.44×8.13×10.52×15.51×-0.05×-1.33×18.54×60×
Dividend yield2.6%2.9%3.3%3.2%0.0%0.0%2.7%2.9%
Payout ratio34.0%41.2%39.6%40.5%0.0%0.0%41.0%40.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity26.4%18.6%21.8%22.9%-2.0%-7.1%20.9%22.9%
Return on invested capital14.3%12.5%13.9%13.4%-0.0%-2.0%11.9%12.6%
Return on assets10.5%9.4%10.7%10.4%-1.0%-3.3%10.2%11.2%
Free cash flow yield5.0%11.9%10.5%6.7%0.2%1.9%3.3%-14.2%
Earnings yield7.7%7.0%8.4%7.9%-0.6%-2.3%6.6%7.2%
Enterprise value€1.2B€1B€879.5M€932M€988M€926.8M€1B€888M
Net debt / EBITDA1.7×1.2×1.07×1.34×2.71×3.08×1.27×0.98×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-31-339-7914-81-79-122-299