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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-38.3%
€17.33
vs €28.10 price
Levered DCF
€197.03
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
3.5
Safe zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E17.43×14.28×16.41×12.45×14.19×12.15×14.45×33.41×
P/B2.44×1.44×1.42×1.68×2.39×3.54×3.47×4.21×
P/S0.35×0.23×0.19×0.26×0.41×0.4×0.57×0.66×
EV / EBITDA8.33×6.23×5.69×8.22×8.37×8.66×10.34×17.54×
Gross margin8.1%26.1%21.5%20.9%23.4%23.2%9.0%7.0%
Operating margin2.9%3.2%2.4%3.2%4.4%4.4%4.7%3.0%
Net margin2.0%1.6%1.2%2.1%2.9%3.3%3.9%2.0%
Current ratio0.8×0.98×0.97×1.02×0.98×0.89×1.02×1.03×
Debt / equity1.21×0.94×0.94×1×0.66×1.35×0.82×1.12×
Interest coverage4.09×2.94×2.56×4.5×4.85×8.86×8.53×1.83×
Dividend yield4.0%6.7%6.7%5.6%4.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio69.8%96.0%110.1%69.1%56.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity14.0%10.1%8.6%13.6%16.8%29.2%24.0%12.7%
Return on invested capital7.0%7.9%7.5%8.4%12.5%13.7%13.0%6.5%
Return on assets3.4%3.3%2.7%4.3%6.5%7.7%8.3%4.0%
Free cash flow yield31.4%-9.9%37.4%1.9%-0.2%8.5%10.3%0.9%
Earnings yield5.7%7.0%6.1%8.1%7.0%8.2%6.9%3.0%
Enterprise value€145.8M€92.3M€77.4M€105.1M€119M€122.2M€143.6M€153.8M
Net debt / EBITDA2.05×2.01×1.23×2.61×1.47×1.98×1.24×3.13×
Cash conversion cycle (days)4237184028293433