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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+138.1%
€116.23
vs €48.82 price
Levered DCF
€146.70
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.35
Distress zone
Rating
S-
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E3.2×82.63×-3.79×19.14×5.17×6.57×8.37×7.95×
P/B0.54×0.82×0.79×0.49×1×1.21×1.16×1.41×
P/S3.13×4.66×4.74×3.89×9.25×10.4×8.42×8.71×
EV / EBITDA10.64×45.41×-8.32×14.06×7.51×9.16×5.52×9.11×
Gross margin37.3%47.7%46.7%35.9%54.2%49.6%53.3%54.1%
Operating margin34.1%25.0%-150.3%54.6%234.4%178.4%159.3%153.3%
Net margin97.8%5.1%-126.4%20.4%179.0%158.1%100.6%109.7%
Current ratio0.35×0.53×0.83×1×0.46×0.5×1.19×0.34×
Debt / equity1.17×1.32×1.26×1.04×1×0.8×0.03×0.97×
Interest coverage2.51×1.65×-11.3×4.39×18.53×15.02×8.45×10.78×
Dividend yield2.7%2.5%0.0%4.1%2.1%1.9%3.3%2.9%
Payout ratio8.6%232.1%0.0%78.3%10.8%12.7%27.3%22.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.8%0.9%-21.0%2.6%19.3%18.5%13.8%17.7%
Return on invested capital2.4%0.9%-7.6%1.4%9.0%10.1%8.0%8.5%
Return on assets6.9%0.3%-8.1%1.1%8.4%8.9%6.3%7.5%
Free cash flow yield9.5%6.9%7.4%7.0%3.8%3.5%4.5%4.2%
Earnings yield31.2%1.1%-26.7%5.2%19.4%15.2%11.9%12.6%
Enterprise value€14.1B€15.5B€15B€13.6B€17.1B€14.5B€6.6B€11.1B
Net debt / EBITDA7.11×27.6×-5.05×9.43×3.61×3.5×-0.21×3.6×
Cash conversion cycle (days)43208191715161215