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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+162.3%
€70.12
vs €26.73 price
Levered DCF
€51.88
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.26
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
P/E32×32.92×33.76×28.28×-35.65×-41×
P/B17.15×6.24×4.6×40.15×-84.5×15.89×
P/S2.48×1.61×1.39×1.47×2.53×5.31×
EV / EBITDA10.51×8.06×7.56×9.07×19.67×26.91×
Gross margin40.1%32.7%40.5%36.7%79.0%83.7%
Operating margin20.1%32.7%20.9%18.0%4.1%-1.5%
Net margin7.8%4.9%4.1%5.1%-7.1%-12.9%
Current ratio0.49×0.75×1.82×0.95×0.75×1.25×
Debt / equity6.35×3.9×4.27×36.24×-62.25×5.09×
Interest coverage2.42×3.19×1.6×2.12×0.4×-0.13×
Dividend yield1.4%2.1%0.1%0.9%12.1%0.4%
Payout ratio43.3%68.1%2.9%26.8%-433.9%-17.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Return on equity53.6%19.0%13.7%140.3%235.7%-38.5%
Return on invested capital10.9%13.1%6.5%6.6%1.8%-0.6%
Return on assets5.0%2.9%2.1%2.6%-2.7%-4.7%
Free cash flow yield8.0%14.3%12.4%15.6%3.9%5.6%
Earnings yield3.1%3.1%3.0%3.5%-2.8%-2.4%
Enterprise value€7.5B€5.1B€4.1B€3.7B€3.5B€2.6B
Net debt / EBITDA2.69×2.94×3.36×4×7.93×5.37×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-19-41016-109-163