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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+122.9%
€22.29
vs €10.00 price
Levered DCF
€20.28
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.35
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.43×8.2×6.96×12.09×7.73×6.05×12.25×10.1×
P/B1.19×1.07×1.25×1.62×1.88×1.58×2.75×2.48×
P/S1.23×1.08×1.24×1.43×1.56×1.31×1.46×1.25×
EV / EBITDA5.03×3.67×3.4×5.02×4.4×3.54×5.78×5.88×
Gross margin26.0%27.6%32.8%33.7%31.7%31.1%31.6%30.3%
Operating margin12.7%17.7%23.2%23.3%24.0%20.5%19.2%18.8%
Net margin9.8%13.2%17.8%11.9%20.2%21.7%11.9%12.3%
Current ratio1.79×2.1×2.14×2.05×1.77×1.79×1.35×1.43×
Debt / equity0.08×0.08×0.11×0.12×0.14×0.15×0.28×0.15×
Interest coverage0×66.43×0×117.3×119.39×63.8×82.21×133.55×
Dividend yield10.2%11.4%8.1%6.8%8.7%0.0%5.9%6.8%
Payout ratio127.3%93.5%56.6%81.8%67.4%0.0%72.6%68.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.6%13.1%17.9%13.5%24.3%26.1%22.4%24.3%
Return on invested capital7.1%11.0%14.3%14.6%17.8%15.4%15.5%20.4%
Return on assets6.2%8.4%11.4%8.0%13.2%14.9%9.8%11.6%
Free cash flow yield8.2%13.3%13.7%11.4%16.5%10.3%8.2%14.2%
Earnings yield8.0%12.2%14.4%8.3%12.9%16.5%8.2%9.8%
Enterprise value€1.4B€1.2B€1.3B€1.7B€2B€1.6B€2.3B€1.7B
Net debt / EBITDA-0.39×-0.71×-0.78×-0.67×-0.42×-0.08×0.43×-0.09×
Cash conversion cycle (days)60353943366242-150