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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+485.8%
€11.21
vs €1.91 price
Levered DCF
€6.93
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.29
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.1×9.22×8.75×9.05×12×86.78×18.73×-2.5×
P/B1.68×1.75×1.9×1.82×2.42×2.27×3.15×3.12×
P/S0.6×0.59×0.6×0.52×0.66×0.53×0.6×0.5×
EV / EBITDA4.76×4.44×4.7×5.25×8.09×8.65×7.12×7.64×
Gross margin58.1%70.0%33.1%62.0%61.7%60.4%60.0%61.4%
Operating margin9.1%9.8%9.3%8.0%7.2%2.0%7.7%7.0%
Net margin5.8%6.4%6.9%5.8%5.5%0.6%3.2%-19.9%
Current ratio0.97×1.05×0.95×0.94×0.98×1.13×1.09×0.98×
Debt / equity0.67×0.81×0.65×0.78×1.13×1.29×1.35×1.66×
Interest coverage7.36×6.66×6.98×17.62×8.98×1.81×9.77×9.61×
Dividend yield6.6%5.7%5.2%4.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio67.5%52.0%46.0%42.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.3%19.1%21.7%20.1%20.1%2.6%16.6%-124.8%
Return on invested capital9.7%10.0%10.6%9.5%9.3%2.9%8.6%6.5%
Return on assets5.0%5.3%6.0%5.2%4.3%0.5%3.0%-16.0%
Free cash flow yield12.9%14.0%14.8%13.7%14.8%15.6%10.7%8.4%
Earnings yield9.7%10.9%11.4%11.0%8.3%1.2%5.3%-40.0%
Enterprise value€719.2M€696.4M€685.5M€638.2M€689.2M€502.8M€720.4M€595.8M
Net debt / EBITDA1.08×0.92×0.95×1.37×1.86×1.92×1.83×1.96×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-9-542-13-613-30-169