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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+596.6%
€211.08
vs €30.30 price
Levered DCF
€258.43
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.49
Distress zone
Rating
C+
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E15.98×11.29×1.95×-6.5×10.6×18.31×37.86×13.4×
P/B0.88×0.95×0.95×1.1×1.52×1.3×1.32×1.26×
P/S0.34×0.33×0.31×0.32×0.5×0.5×0.47×0.44×
EV / EBITDA5.78×4.85×2.26×7.28×3.68×7.4×8.76×6.36×
Gross margin21.9%7.1%17.6%-0.5%22.8%27.8%24.4%22.2%
Operating margin5.1%3.6%2.2%-3.4%4.0%6.6%4.4%6.5%
Net margin2.1%2.9%15.8%-4.9%4.7%2.7%1.2%3.3%
Current ratio1.22×1.2×1.18×1.06×1.02×1.12×1.15×1.03×
Debt / equity0.73×0.78×0.83×1.12×1.36×1.3×1.26×1×
Interest coverage5.8×3.74×2.44×-3.5×3.35×4.66×3.13×4.99×
Dividend yield4.1%4.6%3.4%3.6%3.0%3.5%3.4%3.4%
Payout ratio66.1%52.2%6.6%-23.7%31.5%63.2%129.0%45.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.5%8.4%48.5%-17.0%14.3%7.1%3.5%9.4%
Return on invested capital4.3%3.1%2.0%32.1%2.2%4.1%2.9%4.3%
Return on assets1.9%2.3%10.9%-1.2%1.3%1.9%1.0%2.5%
Free cash flow yield-0.2%4.1%-45.7%34.8%43.5%5.4%-1.7%3.6%
Earnings yield6.3%8.8%51.2%-15.4%9.4%5.5%2.6%7.5%
Enterprise value€3.1B€3B€2.9B€1.9B€2.7B€3.1B€3.1B€2.8B
Net debt / EBITDA2.11×1.5×0.65×0.12×0.84×3.29×3.75×2.43×
Cash conversion cycle (days)2731202521211912