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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+184.0%
€16.80
vs €5.92 price
Levered DCF
€17.55
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.17
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E25.05×16.48×11.63×15.71×12.89×6.52×-2.75×11.45×
P/B1.34×0.97×0.66×0.69×0.71×0.31×0.53×0.35×
P/S0.67×0.51×0.37×0.39×0.45×0.22×0.27×0.2×
EV / EBITDA7.34×5.4×4.89×5.6×5.12×8.05×10.72×6.08×
Gross margin61.0%59.6%58.8%57.0%58.3%57.0%56.7%55.7%
Operating margin10.5%9.1%8.1%5.8%3.4%-4.8%7.4%5.3%
Net margin2.7%3.0%3.2%2.5%3.4%3.3%-9.9%1.7%
Current ratio0.9×0.93×0.96×0.97×0.94×1.01×0.91×1.16×
Debt / equity1.57×1.44×1.4×1.47×1.45×1.83×1.73×0.48×
Interest coverage2.36×1.86×2.22×1.73×0.73×-0.72×1.46×5.86×
Dividend yield2.2%2.9%2.8%1.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio56.0%48.8%31.5%28.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.4%5.8%5.8%4.3%5.4%4.6%-19.3%2.9%
Return on invested capital4.9%4.6%4.2%2.8%1.4%1.0%4.8%4.1%
Return on assets1.6%1.8%1.9%1.4%1.8%1.3%-5.3%1.3%
Free cash flow yield19.5%23.7%36.6%29.2%47.6%2.3%45.7%-22.5%
Earnings yield4.0%6.0%8.8%6.3%7.6%14.9%-36.1%8.4%
Enterprise value€2.5B€2.1B€1.8B€1.8B€1.8B€1.6B€1.6B€690.6M
Net debt / EBITDA3.81×3.14×3.22×3.7×3.31×6.84×8.12×3.41×
Cash conversion cycle (days)67556077732176960