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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-1.0%
€1.10
vs €1.11 price
Levered DCF
€1.64
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
3.2
Safe zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E348.78×-57.81×-80.47×64.52×34.14×27.41×30.14×21.52×
P/B3.72×2.87×3.87×4.68×3.52×7.27×12.62×10.02×
P/S2.74×2.15×3.45×4.66×3.42×5.85×6.97×4.58×
EV / EBITDA28.8×92.05×96.76×27.35×19.25×14.54×18.27×15.08×
Gross margin87.9%88.1%89.7%91.5%83.3%87.0%87.4%80.8%
Operating margin5.6%-1.2%-2.0%8.9%9.6%35.1%32.1%27.6%
Net margin0.8%-4.0%-4.3%6.7%7.7%17.8%19.1%18.5%
Current ratio2.59×3.65×4.06×4.65×5.33×2.8×1.05×1.4×
Debt / equity0.42×0.51×0.78×0.82×0.84×0.89×0.5×1.35×
Interest coverage1.95×-0.41×-0.82×3.51×3.12×7.2×4.56×2.28×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity1.1%-5.3%-4.8%6.7%8.0%22.1%34.5%40.5%
Return on invested capital1.0%-1.1%-1.1%4.5%3.7%20.7%27.1%-587.5%
Return on assets0.6%-3.0%-2.3%3.2%3.9%9.6%15.8%11.7%
Free cash flow yield5.0%-0.4%-2.2%2.2%3.4%6.9%3.7%6.8%
Earnings yield0.3%-1.9%-1.2%1.4%2.3%3.0%2.7%4.0%
Enterprise value€1B€694.8M€955.7M€917.3M€649.8M€1.1B€1.3B€621.9M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.87×7.6×11.12×-1.22×-0.87×-0.49×-0.2×0.08×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-27653267573740595-281180