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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-56.1%
€11.19
vs €25.45 price
Levered DCF
€17.47
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
10.24
Safe zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
P/E33.24×46.1×32.93×44.64×51.51×69.28×0×
P/B7.75×10.1×8.48×11.01×12.97×15.98×0×
P/S8.37×10.74×8.88×10.61×13.02×15.24×0×
EV / EBITDA31.31×48.94×22.82×30.74×35.83×49.22×0×
Gross margin73.8%72.7%71.2%64.1%66.0%67.1%0.0%
Operating margin19.4%16.1%27.4%25.4%28.3%29.2%0.0%
Net margin25.3%23.3%26.7%23.9%25.2%21.9%0.0%
Current ratio2.79×2.75×2.66×2.57×2.57×2.69×3.04×
Debt / equity0.08×0.09×0.09×0.12×0.07×0.1×0.14×
Interest coverage0×0×148.46×69.67×77.66×87.11×0×
Dividend yield1.3%1.1%1.1%0.9%0.7%0.6%0.0%
Payout ratio43.5%48.8%37.6%42.0%37.6%43.8%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
Return on equity23.4%21.9%25.5%24.8%25.1%22.9%0.0%
Return on invested capital13.4%11.4%20.2%19.7%21.1%22.4%0.0%
Return on assets15.2%14.2%16.4%15.0%15.6%14.3%0.0%
Free cash flow yield3.8%2.7%3.1%2.1%2.2%2.2%0.0%
Earnings yield3.0%2.2%3.0%2.3%1.9%1.4%0.0%
Enterprise value€1.5B€1.8B€1.3B€1.3B€1.3B€1.3B-€57.5M
Net debt / EBITDA-3.77×-4.3×-2.31×-2.25×-2.33×-2.86×0×
Cash conversion cycle (days)92939110383890