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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+102.3%
€39.75
vs €19.65 price
Levered DCF
€13.90
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
3.94
Safe zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E23.76×44.67×34.33×19.02×21.42×25.39×16.67×16.79×
P/B2.14×1.72×2×2.2×3.97×3.21×3.74×3.66×
P/S0.97×0.75×0.78×0.94×1.58×1.28×1.3×1.2×
EV / EBITDA10.76×9.23×8.77×9.8×14.93×12.1×10.06×9.77×
Gross margin17.5%36.0%34.5%34.9%35.1%33.3%35.3%35.1%
Operating margin4.5%4.9%5.7%6.2%10.0%6.4%10.1%10.1%
Net margin4.1%1.7%2.3%4.9%7.3%5.1%7.8%7.1%
Current ratio2.41×2.3×1.97×1.85×2.13×1.88×1.79×1.77×
Debt / equity0.23×0.27×0.37×0.3×0.18×0.45×0.35×0.35×
Interest coverage13.56×9.6×7.36×17.53×124.41×14.86×33.12×34.27×
Dividend yield1.9%2.7%2.6%2.4%1.4%1.0%2.6%2.9%
Payout ratio45.9%123.1%89.0%45.3%30.5%26.0%43.1%48.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.0%3.8%5.9%11.5%18.5%12.7%22.4%21.8%
Return on invested capital6.1%5.1%7.3%8.8%16.0%9.0%16.8%17.6%
Return on assets5.3%2.2%3.1%6.3%10.7%6.8%12.2%11.5%
Free cash flow yield0.1%11.3%-0.9%-8.5%6.6%6.7%1.6%3.9%
Earnings yield4.2%2.2%2.9%5.2%4.7%3.9%6.0%6.0%
Enterprise value€745M€565.8M€689.1M€731M€1.1B€808.5M€901M€751.3M
Net debt / EBITDA0.3×0.05×0.58×0.31×-0.88×-0.14×0.37×0.24×
Cash conversion cycle (days)1031071491458810010391