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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-5.6%
€29.75
vs €31.50 price
Levered DCF
€67.52
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.65
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.72×7.65×5.85×7.13×7.81×-8.82×31×7.69×
P/B1.62×0.79×0.84×0.6×0.53×0.59×0.76×0.88×
P/S0.2×0.11×0.08×0.08×0.08×0.08×0.09×0.1×
EV / EBITDA6.84×1.73×0.87×1.24×1.33×3.84×3.32×2.77×
Gross margin4.7%34.0%31.5%31.3%33.4%33.1%32.7%30.3%
Operating margin-0.3%2.0%7.4%1.8%1.9%-0.6%0.7%1.9%
Net margin2.1%1.7%1.4%1.4%1.0%-0.9%0.5%1.3%
Current ratio0.93×0.94×1×1.01×1.08×1.09×1.1×1.05×
Debt / equity1.07×0.68×0.67×0.78×0.94×1.19×1.57×0.82×
Interest coverage-0.34×1.95×7.23×2.14×2.1×-0.54×0.73×2.33×
Dividend yield4.0%6.1%7.5%7.9%4.5%3.3%9.6%8.5%
Payout ratio38.6%39.2%43.8%46.1%35.1%-28.7%168.3%65.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.9%12.2%14.5%10.3%6.8%-6.7%4.4%11.4%
Return on invested capital-0.7%5.6%17.2%4.8%4.0%-1.4%1.5%5.3%
Return on assets2.7%2.5%2.1%1.9%1.3%-1.2%0.7%2.1%
Free cash flow yield16.6%19.6%8.3%24.9%54.0%9.0%19.8%12.7%
Earnings yield10.5%15.5%17.1%17.1%12.8%-11.4%5.7%13.0%
Enterprise value€1.3B€684M€258.9M€400.1M€392.8M€546M€788.5M€651.8M
Net debt / EBITDA0.37×0×-0.79×-0.18×-0.09×1.22×1.44×0.63×
Cash conversion cycle (days)30-163-8-1-7-1