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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1018.5%
€152.11
vs €13.60 price
Levered DCF
€102.50
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.22
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E31.52×25×16.99×11.34×19.74×19.31×18.62×27.03×
P/B3.44×4.13×5.17×3.82×4.52×2.97×3.03×3.27×
P/S0.79×0.94×1.24×0.87×1.11×0.72×0.63×0.66×
EV / EBITDA7×7.59×7.65×5.12×6.93×5.91×6.18×10.3×
Gross margin65.0%65.2%64.9%34.4%30.4%28.7%62.5%61.7%
Operating margin5.4%6.3%10.8%12.0%8.4%7.7%6.1%4.5%
Net margin2.5%3.8%7.3%7.7%5.6%3.7%3.4%2.4%
Current ratio0.9×0.96×0.98×1.07×1.09×0.96×0.99×1.25×
Debt / equity2.2×2.4×2×1.79×2.12×2.79×2.27×0.4×
Interest coverage4.21×4.77×11.16×6.07×4.39×4.13×7.85×49.59×
Dividend yield4.0%3.2%4.2%5.6%1.3%0.5%1.6%8.8%
Payout ratio125.0%81.0%72.0%63.3%26.3%9.9%29.7%239.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.0%16.5%30.4%33.6%22.9%15.4%16.3%12.0%
Return on invested capital5.2%5.7%10.9%13.7%7.7%6.0%6.3%9.8%
Return on assets2.3%3.2%6.9%7.4%4.6%2.8%3.2%3.9%
Free cash flow yield14.4%11.2%5.2%14.9%19.0%27.0%24.7%1.2%
Earnings yield3.2%4.0%5.9%8.8%5.1%5.2%5.4%3.7%
Enterprise value€471.2M€561.4M€671.7M€445.2M€458.3M€299.9M€271M€175.9M
Net debt / EBITDA2.3×2.32×1.59×1.04×1.34×2.12×2.24×0.31×
Cash conversion cycle (days)178175153899098154158