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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-408.3%
-€186.85
vs €60.60 price
Levered DCF
€15.17
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.02
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.99×8.66×-180×-9.15×13.61×6.01×7.9×9.05×
P/B1.22×1.14×1.08×1.11×1.45×0.97×1.24×1.09×
P/S0.31×0.18×0.18×0.21×0.32×0.24×0.28×0.25×
EV / EBITDA5.8×6.28×9.21×40.28×8.1×6.34×8.15×6.89×
Gross margin18.1%17.0%15.5%13.3%16.0%40.9%42.6%41.9%
Operating margin5.8%4.0%3.1%-1.8%3.4%5.5%5.4%5.4%
Net margin3.5%2.1%-0.1%-2.3%2.4%3.9%3.5%2.7%
Current ratio1.34×0.99×0.98×1.34×1.44×2.01×1.73×1.44×
Debt / equity0.83×2.08×2.56×1.94×1.24×1.21×1.78×1.23×
Interest coverage3.29×1.27×1.05×-1.24×5.45×9.54×7.35×11.56×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%3.0%3.2%2.2%3.1%3.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%-27.4%43.9%13.2%24.5%27.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity13.6%13.1%-0.6%-12.1%10.7%16.2%15.7%12.0%
Return on invested capital10.7%7.9%0.8%-2.2%5.0%7.3%5.8%9.5%
Return on assets3.6%2.1%-0.1%-2.3%2.6%4.5%3.5%3.2%
Free cash flow yield10.4%20.0%-57.4%-14.1%34.2%22.2%-18.7%-14.8%
Earnings yield11.1%11.6%-0.6%-10.9%7.4%16.7%12.7%11.0%
Enterprise value€692.5M€625.9M€624.2M€525.3M€519.8M€536.9M€616.6M€458.7M
Net debt / EBITDA2.05×3.94×6.32×24.59×3.18×3.43×4.54×3.49×
Cash conversion cycle (days)243251281234204287337299